* 본 포스팅은 오성호 강사님의 Live Class를 기반으로 제작되었으며, 영어실력 향상을 꾀하신다면 실제 강사님의 강의를 직접 수강할 것을 적극 권장 드립니다.
주말특강 (Live Class) - 수업 소개 : 네이버 카페
주말특강 (Live Class) - 수업 소개
안녕하세요, 오성호입니다. Live Class 라는 이름으로 4년 정도 해오다가 강의명을 [주말특강]으로 바꿨습니다. 주말특강에 대해 알려드릴게요. 1. Zoom 플...
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* such 그러한, 그렇게
* so 매우, 그렇게 => 그래서, 어느 정도
* enough
# For Emily Zurek Small, college did what it’s supposed to do. Growing up in a small town in northeastern Pennsylvania, she had career and intellectual ambitions for which college is the clearest pathway. “I just kind of always wanted to learn,” she told me recently. “I wanted to be able to have intelligent conversations with people and know about the world.”
* be supposed to ~ = should
* You're not supposed to be here. 출입금지
* grow up 어린 시절
* ambition 야망 -> 꿈, 장기적인 목표, 원대한 포부
= aspiration
* ~적인 :
* intelligent
* intellectual (학력)
* kind of = seem to ~ 인 것 같다
# She enrolled at a small nearby Catholic college, majored in neuroscience and in 2016 became the first person in her family to earn a bachelor’s degree and later, a master’s. She now works as a school psychologist in Virginia.
* enroll 등록 -> roll = list // payroll 회사전체의 직원들 // roll call 출석점검(군대 점호)
en‧rol British English, enroll American English /ɪnˈrəʊl $ -ˈroʊl/ ●○○ verb (enrolled, enrolling) [intransitive, transitive] to officially arrange to join a school, university, or course, or to arrange for someone else to do thisenrol on/for British English I decided to enrol for ‘Art for Beginners’.enrol in especially American English Californians are rushing to enroll in special aerobics classes.
* 학사 학위 : a bachelor's degree
* 석사 학위 : a master's degree
# I saw Ms. Zurek Small’s education up close, in two theology classes I taught during my 11 years as a professor at the college she attended. She was a good student, but what struck me more than her ability was the fact that she cared. Being in class, asking questions and exploring ideas meant something to her.
* up close 아주 가까이
* she was a good student 좋은 학생X => good vs nice => 공부를 잘하는 학생이다
* He's very good 능력 // be good at ~
* nice 착한 성격
* 인상 impression
* He struck me as kind. 배려심이 많은 인상을 받다
* the fact = the truth 나혼자만 그렇게 생각하는 게 아님 => 누가 봐도 사실(객관적인)
* "she cared" :
* explore 탐험 X => 파고드는 것
* something : 굉장한 것
* some 강조 : That's some car = What a car!
# One reason she cared was that she was paying her own way and was thus amply aware of her education’s cost. “If I was not engaging, I was just throwing money out the window,” she said. That engagement helped her realize that her “thoughts and opinions matter.”
* 스스로 학비를 벌고 다니다 : pay / earn her own way
* ample = more than enough
* 교육의 비용을 잘 안다 => cost 잃게 되는 것 / 대가 / 기회비용
* engage :톱니바퀴, 기여 / 맞물려 돌아가
1) 작동하다 => 2) 관련, 밀접한 involve => 3) 흥미, 참여 interest
# As universities in much of the country suffer declining enrollment, they need to make the broader case for going to college even as they debate how best to help students learn after Covid disruptions. How should
universities carry out remote learning? How should they teach writing in the age of artificial intelligence? How difficult should it be to pass organic chemistry?
But there’s an equally important question that only students can answer: What will they do to get the most out of college? It’s their education, after all.
* She cares (about studying) = 적극적인 참여
* suffer 나쁜 경험, 겪다, 처하다 <-> 좋은 경험 enjoy
* make a case for / against 주장
* interrupt (방해하지만 흘러감) vs disrupt (그 자리에서 중단, 차질을 빚다)
* get the most out of ~ 최대한 활용하다
* after all = 결국 /// 마침내, 마지막 finally + 왜냐하면, 따지고 보면
# One of the most important factors in Ms. Zurek Small’s success seems almost too obvious to mention but, in fact, deserves far more attention and discussion: a simple willingness to learn. In more than 20 years of
college teaching, I have seen that students who are open to new knowledge will learn. Students who aren’t won’t. But this attitude is not fixed. The paradoxical union of intellectual humility and ambition is something that every student can (with help from teachers, counselors and parents) and should cultivate. It’s what makes learning possible. The willingness to learn is related to the growth mind-set - the belief that your abilities are not fixed but can improve. But there is a key difference: This willingness is a belief not primarily about the self but about the world. It’s a belief that every class offers something worthwhile, even if you don’t know in advance what that something is. Unfortunately, big economic and cultural obstacles stand in opposition to that belief.
* obvious 뻔한
* in fact 오히려, 그런데
* willingness 자발적으로 하는 것
* will learn : 마련이다 tend to
* newly-wed 신혼부부 (*new = 최근)
* cultivate = develop
* mind = 머리 // mind-set 사고방식 = a way of thinking = attitude
* pri‧ma‧ri‧ly /ˈpraɪmərəli $ praɪˈmerəli/ ●●○ W3 AWL adverb
mainly
The advertisement is aimed primarily at children.
* 1차 primary, 2차 secondary, 3차 teritiary
ter‧tia‧ry /ˈtɜːʃəri $ ˈtɜːrʃieri, -ʃəri/ adjective technical
third in place, degree, or order
* the biggest / primary / /main / chief / principal reason 최상급
* worth‧while /ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl◂ $ ˌwɜːrθ-/ ●●○ adjective
if something is worthwhile, it is important or useful, or you gain something from it
He wanted to do a worthwhile job. We decided to give the money to a worthwhile cause (=one that helps people).it is worthwhile to do something I thought it was worthwhile to clarify the matter.it is worthwhile doing something It wasn’t worthwhile continuing with the project.► see thesaurus at useful
* wor‧thy1 /ˈwɜːði $ ˈwɜːrði/ ●●○ adjective
1 [only before noun] deserving respect from people
Leeds United were worthy winners of the competition. a worthy opponent
2 → be worthy of something
3 → be worthy of somebody
4 → I’m/We’re not worthy
5 formal trying to help other people The money will go to a worthy cause. I’m sure his motives were worthy.Examples from the Corpusworthy• Brodkey's book is worthy bedtime reading.• To me, this would seem to be a worthy object of the game.• His manual was a contribution to that worthy objective.• But his matchwinner ten minutes from time was worthy of any international striker.• Other strategies are worthy of note.• Roper, who is as sharp with a put-down as he is with a knockdown, has run out of worthy opponents.
* Unfortunately 불행 X => 안타깝고 애석하다
# The first obstacle is careerism. To an overwhelming degree, students today see college as job training, the avenue to a stable career. They are not wrong, giv en the 70 percent wage premium for 22 to 27 year old workers with a bachelor’s degree over those with only a high school diploma. But this orientation can close students off from learning things that don’t obviously help their job prospects. Despite the f act that I taught at a religious college, students in my theology class grumbled about having to satisfy a requirement. Why, they asked, would they need to know theology as an accountant, athletic trainer or advertising manager?
* avenue = way = path
* That's a given 기정사실
* given (the fact) 객관적인 팩트 기반 (*개인적 감상은 어울리지 않음) = considering ~ 를 고려해 보면
* premium 웃돈 <-> discount 할인
* orient 지향, 방향
* money-oriented 황금만능
* prospect(s) 가능성
* grumble 투덜투덜
# The human mind, though, is capable of much more than a job will demand of it. Those “useless” classes like philosophy, literature, astronomy and music have much to teach. I haven’t had to solve a calculus problem in 25 years. But learning to do so expanded my brain in ways that can’ t simply be reduced to a checklist of job skills. Living in the world in this expanded way is a permanent gift.
* will = tend to
* The human mind, though, is capable of much more than a job will demand of (from의 의미) it (= the human mind).
- ask A of B : A에게서 B를 요구하다
ask something of somebody
You have no right to ask anything of me.
Expecting the children to do an hour’s homework after school is asking a lot of them.
- buy, make, get - for
* in ways that ~ 어떤 식으로
# The other big obstacle to the willingness to learn is the urge to present yourself as (being) always already informed. The philosopher Jonathan Lear calls this attitude knowingness. He regards it as a sickness that stands in the way of gaining genuine knowledge. It is “as though there is too much anxiety involved in simply asking a question and waiting for the world to answer,” he writes.
* urge = desire 충동, 욕구
* present 주다 (이미지를 주다) = give, describe
GIVE [transitive] to give something to someone, for example at a formal or official occasionpresent somebody with something He was presented with a bottle of champagne. She was presented with an award.present something to somebody/something The computer centre presented a cheque for £500 to cancer research.► see thesaurus at give
2 CAUSE SOMETHING TO HAPPEN [transitive] to cause something to happen or existpresent somebody with something I knew I had presented her with an impossible task.present a problem/difficulty Large classes present great problems to many teachers.
3 → present yourself4 DESCRIPTION [transitive] to show or describe someone or something The artist was determined to present an accurate picture. We’ll present the information using a chart.present somebody as something Shakespeare presents the hero as a noble man doomed to make mistakes.present yourself as something The government presents itself as being sensitive to environmental issues.
* a knowing smile : 말은 안 하고 뭔가를 알고 있다는 미소
A knowing smile, look, etc shows that you know what another person is really thinking:
# Knowingness is everywhere in our culture. From a former president claiming “everybody knows” some conspiracist nonsense to podcasters smugly debunking cultural myths to your feeling you have to have read, heard and streamed everything, the posture of already knowing super sedes the need to approach new situations with curiosity. Every semester during my years teaching theology, students would tell me on the first day of class that they knew they would (was going to) get an A, because they’d already had 12 years of Catholic school. But oft en enough, they’d (하곤 했다) get a C. Their assumptions about the subject matter kept them from learning the more critical approach to the subject I was trying to teach.
* knew 확신
* assumption(s) 당연시 생각하는 것
# Knowingness is a danger especially for talented students who have been rewarded for always having the right answer. At the University of Pennsylvania, undergraduates complain that student clubs expect prospective members to have extensive knowledge of the club’s area of interest. As a first year student, Adrian Rafizadeh, told the campus newspaper, “I f I can’t get into the clubs that will help educate me and foster that interest, then how do I even get started?”
Once, in a cafe near an elite liberal arts college, I overheard a student lament to another, “I can’t take a Russian history class. I don’t know any Russian history!” Of course not. That’s why you take the class.
* complain 불평, 불만 => 문제제기
* 아프다고 얘기할 때 : complain
* prospective 가능성
prospective employee/candidate/buyer etc
someone who is likely to do a particular thing or achieve a particular position
likely to happen
the prospective costs of providing pensions
* prospective members = future members 가입을 원하는 학생들
* area of interest 관심분야
* 1학년 : a first-year student
# Once, in a cafe near an elite liberal arts college, I overheard a student lament to another, “I can’t take a Russian history class. I don’t kn ow any Russian history!” Of course not. That’s why you take the class.
Universities are factories of human knowledge. They’re also monuments to individual ignorance. We know an incredible amount, but I know only a tiny bit. College puts students in classrooms with researchers who are acutely aware of all they don’t know. Professors have a reputation for arrogance, but a humble awareness of the limits of knowledge is their first step toward discovering a little more.
* lament : 한탄/ 탄식 => 한숨쉬면서 말하다
1 [intransitive, transitive] to express feelings of great sadness about something
The nation lamented the death of its great war leader.
2 [transitive] to express annoyance or disappointment about something you think is unsatisfactory or unfairlament that
He lamented that people had expected too much of him too soon.
She lamented the fact that manufacturers did not produce small packs for single-person households.
lament the lack/absence/decline etc of something
Steiner lamented the lack of public interest in the issue.
* monument: 기념물 => good examples
a building, statue, or other large structure that is built to remind people of an important event or famous person → memorial
He erected a monument on the spot where his daughter was killed.
monument to a fitting monument to the men who died in the battle
a‧cute‧ly /əˈkjuːtli/ ●○○ adverb feeling or noticing something very stronglyacutely aware/conscious (of/that) Students are becoming acutely aware that they need more than just paper qualifications. acutely embarrassed
* profess 공언(공개적으로 얘기하는 것)
# To overcome careerism and knowingness and instill in students a desire to learn, schools and parents need to convince students (and perhaps themselves) that college has more to offer than job training. You’re a worker for only part of your life; you’re a human being, a creature with a powerful brain, throughout it(= your life).
In addition, adults need to show K-12 students that it’s OK not to know something yet. School isn’t a quiz show; the first person to say the right answer doesn’t deserve the greatest reward. Rather, school should cultivate students’ curiosity and let them feel the thrill of finding something out.
* overcome
* get around 피해간다
* get over 넘어간다 => 정면돌파
* instill 넣어넣다
* convince 설득
* need to do = It is necessary // must, should
* foster / develop / cultivate
* thrill = excitement
# I would bet most teachers already share this outlook, but it’s hard to encourage open-ended curiosity when schools are judged by standardized test scores, and it’s hard to defeat narrow-minded careerism when the entire economy seemingly mandates it.
The career orientation and the culture of knowingness take for granted the outcomes of college - jobs, knowledge - and gloss over the means. But the means are everything: the books, teachers and fellow students who will change your life.
* find vs find out
I found (out) that he is not my brother.
I couldn't find where the building was.
* find out = information(무형의 정보)
* meet (우연히 만나는 것, 정하고 만나는 것)
vs meet with (*정하고 만나는 것)
I met with him = I had a meeting with him.
* I bet = I am sure 확신
* I would bet : 약해진 확신, 저라면 ~ 에 돈을 걸 텐데요.
* 주관식 open-ended questons
* open-ended = limitless
* encourage ~ 하게 만들다 (권유, 유도) <-> discourage ~하지 못하게 하다
* narrow-minded 사고의 폭이 좁은
* mandate = 권한 위임, 명령하다 => mandatory 의무적인
1 formal to tell someone that they must do a particular thing
These measures were mandated by the IMF.
mandate that Justice mandates that we should treat all candidates equally.
2 to give someone the right or power to do somethingbe mandated to do something
The committee was mandated to co-ordinate measures to help Poland.
if something is mandatory, the law says it must be done
SYN compulsory, obligatory, → discretionary
mandatory for Crash helmets are mandatory for motorcyclists.
Murder carries a mandatory life sentence.
The Council has made it mandatory for all nurses to attend a refresher course every three years.
* orientation 지향하는 것
* That's a given. 기정사실 / 안 바뀌는 것
* granted = given
* take A for granted : A를 당연시 여기다 (*무시의 느낌)
* I feel like I'm being taken for granted.
* end 목적
* means = process 과정
* gloss 립 글로스 = shine
1 [singular, uncountable] a bright shine on a surface
This gel will add gloss to even the dullest hair.
polish/shine to a high gloss The silverware had been polished to a high gloss.
* is everything : 가장 중요한 것이다
* fellow workers/students/countrymen etcpeople that you work with, study with, or who are in the same situation as you
# Emily Zurek Small compared graduating to “unlocking a door.” She is no longer a student, but, she said, “I am still exploring what’s on the other side of that door.”
* compare A to B 비유, 바교 > compare A with B 비교
* close vs lock
* way 방법
* door 기회
* explore 탐험X => 파고들다, 자세히
* I pushed my way to the door.
* I earned my way to / through college.